The Holy See “will not participate in the Board of Peace because of its particular nature, which is evidently not that of other States,” stated Cardinal Pietro Parolin, Vatican Secretary of State, on the sidelines of the bilateral meeting in Rome with the Italian Government at Palazzo Borromeo, seat of the Embassy of Italy to the Holy See, on the occasion of the anniversary of the signing of the Lateran Pacts.

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The President of the Catholic Bishops’ Conference of Ethiopia issues a pastoral message urging Catholics and people of good will to embrace a profound interior conversion through prayer, fasting, and works of charity during the 2026 Lenten season.

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WASHINGTON—The Committee for Religious Liberty of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB) has issued its annual report on the state of religious freedom in the United States. The report summarizes developments on national questions and federal policies affecting religious liberty in the U.S., including the role of religion in American public life, and the challenges and opportunities of the present moment.  

The report identified six areas of critical concern for religious liberty in 2026: 

• Political and anti-religious violence
• Unjust terms and conditions on federal grants, and unreliability of government
• Access to sacraments for ICE detainees and immigration enforcement at houses of worship
• School choice and the Federal Scholarship Tax Credit
• Repeal of provisions that prevent religious organizations from participating in government programs
• Further repudiation of gender ideology 

“All of these developments in religious liberty are taking place as Americans prepare to celebrate two hundred fifty years as in independent nation,” said Archbishop Alexander K. Sample, chairman of the Committee for Religious Liberty in his introduction of the report. “It is a fitting time to reflect on the ideals expressed in the Declaration of Independence, and how those ideals have shaped the unique culture that has grown over the past two-and-a-half centuries.”  

In highlighting the critical areas of concern, the report provides the Catholic faithful an opportunity to reflect on how the Church has enriched American life, he added, and cited the bishops’ consecration of the nation to the Sacred Heart of Jesus in June. “When we consecrate our nation to the Sacred Heart and enthrone the Sacred Heart in our homes, we recognize the kingship of Christ and offer our own lives in service to God and our neighbors,” said Archbishop Sample.  

The report is available at: www.usccb.org/religious-liberty/2026-annual-report. 

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VATICAN CITY (CNS) -- Catholics going to Mass on Ash Wednesday will leave church marked, but whether the ashes appear as a bold cross on the forehead or sprinkled atop the head depends largely on where in the world they worship.

While Catholics in the United States typically receive a visible cross of ashes traced on their foreheads, that is not the universal practice across the Catholic Church. In many parts of the world -- particularly in Italy -- ashes are instead sprinkled lightly on the top of the head.

Benedictine Father Eusebius Martis, a professor at the Pontifical Athenaeum of St. Anselm in Rome, told Catholic News Service Feb. 11 both forms are approved by the Church and that there is no text explicitly outlining how ashes are to be received beyond, "the imposition of ashes." 

Father Martis, a monk from the suburbs of Chicago who has lived in Rome for two years, personally prefers the sprinkling of ashes on top of the head. He said he feels it is more in line with the typical Gospel reading from Matthew, saying that the three pillars of Lent: prayer, fasting and almsgiving should be practiced quietly and sincerely, not for public recognition.

"Because it's invisible, the person that's receiving it is under this cloud, literally, under this cloud of ashes, and so it's really a gesture of humility," he told CNS. 

Still, Father Martis acknowledged that the more visible U.S. custom can carry spiritual value. The cross traced on the forehead echoes the sign first made at baptism and repeated throughout a Catholic’s sacramental life, he said.

"The cross on the forehead is a sign of belonging, right?" he said.

The ashes, made by burning the palm fronds from the previous year’s Palm Sunday, are given alongside the following words, "Remember that you are dust, and to dust you shall return," or "Repent, and believe in the Gospel." The gesture marks the beginning of the Lenten season of prayer, fasting and almsgiving in preparation for Easter.

Traditions on Ash Wednesday have evolved over centuries, and some have theories about how these practices came to be. Benedictine Father Kurt Belsole, coordinator of liturgy at the Pontifical North American College in Rome, said that by the 11th century there was already a distinction in how ashes were received.

"It was universally accepted that men received ashes on their heads and women received them on their foreheads," Father Belsole said in an email. "I suspect that it was so that the ashes would actually touch the body or skin, since men did not wear hats in church, but women wore veils or head coverings."

Today in Italy, both men and women typically receive ashes sprinkled on the crown of the head. Following Italian custom, popes have historically celebrated Ash Wednesday by sprinkling ashes atop heads. 

Even the observance of Ash Wednesday itself is not identical everywhere. In parts of the Archdiocese of Milan, churches that follow the Ambrosian rite -- the liturgical tradition particular to Milan -- do not celebrate Ash Wednesday. Instead, Lent begins the following Sunday, reflecting a local tradition that began in the fourth century. 

Despite these regional traditions and differences in receiving ashes, Father Martis said the spiritual focus of the Lenten season does not change.

"It's an expression of humility, which is what I think the faithful should be thinking about when they receive it," he said. 

Pope Leo XIV advised Catholics to use the 40 days of Lent as a time for listening, fasting and community, leading to a greater attentiveness to God. 

"Lent is a time in which the Church, guided by a sense of maternal care, invites us to place the mystery of God back in the center of our lives, in order to find renewal in our faith and keep our hearts from being consumed by the anxieties and distractions of daily life," he said Feb. 15 in his Angelus address.

Father Martis agreed, saying that Lent is about prayer and almsgiving, but he also cautioned against reducing the season to temporary self-improvement or trendy abstinence.

"You tell me how giving up chocolate for Lent is going to make you a better person, or how going through dry January makes you a better person if you’re just going to get drunk on February 1st," he said. "That’s not the Church’s understanding of sacrifice."

Instead, he said, Lenten sacrifices are meant to draw believers into a deeper relationship with God.

"The sacrifices we make are supposed to be about giving our hearts entirely to God," Father Martis said. "God wants from us the only thing he cannot take, and that’s our love. So in the end, the best thing that we can do is just pour out our heart to God."

The two-day workshop on “Healthcare for all: Sustainability and equity," organized by the Pontifical Academy for Life, is presented at the Holy See Press Office, with experts noting that where there is a will, there can be a way to make healthcare possible for all.

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Faith and culture come together as Catholic communities across Asia mark the Lunar New Year through family gatherings, prayer, and acts of charity.

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Fr. Giulio Cesareo, director of the Communications Office of the Sacred Convent of Assisi, speaks to Vatican News about the significance of exposing the relics of St. Francis of Assisi and the message he still bears for today’s world.

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The John Paul II Foundation for the Sahel holds a review in Senegal after Pope Leo XIV approved its new Statute, with Sr. Alessandra Smerilli praising the Foundation’s projects as “bearers of hope” for local communities.

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This Lent, the Council of European Bishops' Conferences (CCEE) is again organizing Masses in European Churches to implore peace and to remember war victims as part of its 'Eucharistic Chain' initiative.

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Cardinal Pietro Parolin visits the new dialysis unit at the Bambino Gesù Pediatric Hospital and speaks at a conference titled "The Culture of Giving", affirming that every contribution becomes “providence passing through human hands.”

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